Land Use Planning for Conservation Measures of Basin Using Remote Sensing and GIS Approach : A Case Study

CONtACt S.D. Vikhe subhashdvikhe@rediffmail.com Research Scholar, Govt. College of Engineering, Aurangabad, Maharashtra. © 2017 The Author(s). Published by Enviro Research Publishers This is an Open Access article licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ ), which permits unrestricted NonCommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/CWE.12.2.28 Abstract Geographical information system proves efficient tool in delineation of watersheds and its planning. Land use planning through Land capability is the basis of watershed management programme. Land use planning for conservation measures of Basin using Remote Sensing and GIS Approach for Sukhana Basin of Aurangabad District, Maharashtra state has been carried out. Study area is located between 75.33°, 75.76° E longitudes, and 19.66°, 19.98° N latitudes. Class suitable for cultivation are II, III and IV have areal extent 134.41, 150.12 and 165.80 sq.Km. which is 67.32% of the total basin area and class VI and VII are not suitable for cultivation has areal extent 101.68 and 116.68 sq.Km respectively which is 32.68% of the total area. Based on land capability classification, land use planning with reference to conservation planning for Class II,III,IV are gully control measures, farm bunding such as compartment bunding, contour bunding and graded bunding. Whereas, for class VI measures are continuous contour trenches and staggered trenching and for class VII treatment propose a pasture development. Article history


Introduction
Watershed development and management planning is based on land capability classification.The knowledge of land capability classification is a prerequisite and important for planning, implementation and execution of soil and water conservation programmes 1 .Natural resources should be managed in a sustainable manner so that the changes proposed to meet the needs of development are brought without diminishing the potential for their future use [2][3] .Use the satellite data and Geographic Information System to produce the soil map and use the spatial analysis technique to assess the soil capability [4][5][6][7][8][9] .

Current World environment
Journal Website: www.cwejournal.orgISSN: 0973-4929, Vol. 12, No. (2) 2017, Pg. 436-444  Land use planning with reference to the agricultural crops has been attempted by various researchers.Integration of remote sensing data such as aerial photographs, IRS-ID, IRS ID LISS-III fused with PAN data, LANDSAT TM image, Cartosat and GIS environment such a software ARC/ INFO and ARCVIEW along with ILWIS, SWAT, ERDAS imagine, C# language and GPS can be effectively used for land use planning 10 .The land capability map makes available in a simple and practical language.It indicates the hazards of soil and water erosion and difficulties to be encountered in using the land.It also indicates the most intensive, profitable and safe use which can be made of any piece of land.In this research paper land capability classification has done by considering soil texture, soil depth, severity of erosion, slope of terrain in GIS environment through which engineering conservation measures may be planned by using RS and GIS technique.

Determination of the Land Capability Class
The common parameters such as soil texture, soil depth, slope and erosion, which are recorded on a survey map for land capability.The land is classified into capability classes according to each parameter with the help of table.3. The capability class will be the higher number given to any of the properties according to severity of limitations.The capability of above class is II and its subclass is d4 (soil depth limitation) and its mapping symbol  For example, the mapping symbol L-d4/A-e1 for which details are given in Table 4.

Fig.1: Study area map Data used Spatial
data consists of toposheets of Survey of India, satellite image and DEM of study area, state and district map for exact location of study area, Details of data shown in table 2.

table 4 : example of determine land class
Km. which is 51% of the total area following shallow loam soil about 270 sq.Km.and very shallow loamy soil about 56.78 sq.Km.which account 40% and 9% respectively very shallow soil observed on upper reach near ridge line.Soil map is shown in Fig. 5. Depth It is observed that 209.84 sq.Km.area is under very shallow depth less than 7.5 cm.Moderate depth about 146.76 sq.Km.and deep soil area extent is 73.71 sq.Km as shown in Fig.6.Details of land capability classification is shown in table 5 with symbol of class and its limitation.Various points for which land class symbol is found is shown in fig.7.From table 6, it shows that land class II, III, IV, VI and VII are present in the basin.Land class IV is dominant class with respect to areal extent in the basin, which is account for 165.80 sq.Km.(24.82%), other classes II,III, VI, and VII covers area 20.12%, 22.47%, 15.22% and 17.46% respectively as shown in Fig.8.From above table it is found that out of 113 locations class II, III, IV, VI, and VIII are available at 15, 24, 33 ,18 and 23 locations respectively.