<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><article><front><Journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type='publisher'>CWE/1578/2024</journal-id><journal-title >Current World Environment</journal-title><issn pub-type='PPub'>0973-4929</issn><issn pub-type='ePub'>2320-8031</issn><publisher><publisher-name>4</publisher-name></publisher></Journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type='other'>CWE--92-00</article-id><title-group><article-title>&lt;p&gt;Optimization and Characterization of Biochar Obtained from the Weedy Biomass of Calotropis gigantea Using Vacuum Pyrolysis&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type='author'><name><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name><xref ref-type='aff' rid='aff00'><sup></sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type='author'><name><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name><xref ref-type='aff' rid='aff00'><sup></sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id='aff001'><sup>1</sup><instname></instname>,<deptname>Department of Zoology</deptname>, <instaddress>Jai Narain Vyas University</instaddress>, <instcity>Jodhpur</instcity>, <instcountry>India</instcountry>.</aff><pub-date pub-type='ppub'><publicationDate></publicationDate></pub-date><doi>10.12944/CWE.19.1.7</doi><volume>Volume 19</volume><issue>Volume 19</issue><page>67-82</page><abstract><title>Abstract</title><p>The excessive growth of invasive weeds causes adverse economic and environmental effects. In the present study, invasive weed Calotropis gigantea was pyrolyzed under optimized parameters of 450° and 50-100 mm particle size for 1.00 hour of reaction time for biochar production. The biochar was characterized by the presence of a high carbon content of 64.65% and low H/C and O/C molar ratios of 0.08 and 0.15, respectively. The biochar was observed with high surface area of 99.91m2/g and pore volume of 0.0398cm3/g along with mineral fractions such as K-1.33%, Na-1.17%, Mg-1.05%. Strong FTIR bands were observed  at 1994.1 cm-1, 1110 cm-1, and 745 cm-1, representing allenes  (R 2C=C=CR 2), aryl alkyl ethers (R – O – R), and aromatic (C–H) bending. All these parameters indicate its potential in the applications such as carbon sequestration, climate change mitigation, environment pollutants adsorption (both organic and inorganic), and soil improvement.</p></abstract><kwd-group><title>Keywords</title><kwd>Biochar</kwd><kwd> Calotropis gigantean</kwd><kwd> Response Surface Methodology [RSM]</kwd><kwd> Surface area</kwd><kwd> Vacuum pyrolysis</kwd></kwd-group><counts><ref-count count='' /><page-count count='' /></counts></article-meta></front></article>