Plastics production has increased due to its flexibility, stability, lightweight, and low production costs. These plastics degrade through a variety of processes and lose their structural integrity. Plastics degrade extensively, eventually forming microscopic-sized plastics known as microplastics (MPs). MPs are small-sized and easily passed throughout the food chain. Exposure to MPs through ingestion, inhalation, and skin absorption can harm human health. Interdisciplinary collaboration will provide a comprehensive view of MP’s effects. Researchers will collaborate with politicians and the public to improve the waste management practices of MPs by emphasizing recyclability and altering plastic manufacturing methods. This review provides an insight into the occurrence, detection, removal, and toxicological effects as well as challenges and regulations for MPs in a nutshell.