<p><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif">The use of DDT for malaria vector control in indoor residual spray (IRS) is increasingly becoming the solution to the effective sustainable reduction in malaria prevalence. In Zambia, the Ministry of Health (MoH), Public health departments in the local authorities and even mining companies opt to use DDT in IRS. On its part, DDT, as a chemical, has well documented historical side-effects that are perceived to be hazardous to both human health and the environment. DDT use is severely restricted by the Stockholm Convention (SC) while the World health Organization (WHO) encourages efforts into finding alternatives. Preference for DDT stems from its long residual effects compared to other alternatives. This implies DDT has a cost reduction advantage. This study reflects the dilemma in attempts to reduce malaria using DDT and the need to adhere to the Stockholm Convention to which Zambia is a Party.</span></span></p>